Critical questions in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: Integrating emerging clinical evidence and guideline recommendations

Mohamed Ali, Abubakr Yousif, Yasar AA Ahmed

Abstract


Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) typically confers a poor prognosis, however, novel advances in treatment options, as well as biomarkers for monitoring disease response and progression, have recently helped improve survival rates. Additionally, new guidelines provide some direction on incorporating these new treatments but some confusion still exists among clinicians about best methods for initiating treatment and the optimal sequencing of agents to prolong survival. In this article, we review the literature and answer some frequently asked questions about treating men with metastatic CRPC, including choosing a first-line treatment, monitoring treatment response, and proceeding to additional lines of therapy.


Keywords


Prostate cancer, metastasis, castration-resistant, treatment, guidelines

Full Text:

PDF

References


Loeb S, Catalona WJ. The Prostate Health Index: a new test for the detection of prostate cancer. Ther Adv Rev 6:74-77, 2014.

Howlader N, Noone AM, Krapcho M, et al (eds). SEER Cancer Statistics Review, 1975-2011, National Cancer Institute. Bethesda, MD, http://seer.cancer.gov/csr/

_2011/, based on November 2013 SEER data submission, posted to the SEER Website, April 2014.

Siegel R, Naishadham D, Jemal A. Cancer statistics, 2012. CA Cancer J Clin 62:10-29, 2012.

Basch E, Loblaw DA, Oliver TK, et al. Systemic therapy in men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC): American Society of Clinical Oncology and Cancer Care Ontario clinical practice guideline. J Clin Oncol 32:3436-3448, 2014.

Cookson MS, Roth BJ, Dahm P, et al. Castration-resistant prostate cancer: AUA Guideline. J Urol 190:429-438, 2013.

Osanto S, VanPoppel H. Emerging novel therapies for advanced prostate cancer. Ther Adv Urol 4:3-12, 2012.

Kirby M, Hirst C, Crawford ED. Characterising the castration-resistant prostate cancer population: a systematic review. Int J Clin Pract 65:1180-1192, 2011.

Tannock IF, deWit R, Berry WR, et al. TAX 327 Investigators. Docetaxel plus prednisone or mitoxantrone plus prednisone for advanced prostate cancer. N Engl J Med 351:1502-1512, 2004.

Petrylak DP, Tangen CM, Husain MH, et al. Docetaxel and estramustine compared with mitoxantrone and prednisone for advanced refractory prostate cancer. N Engl J Med 351:1513-1520, 2004.

Murphy GP, Kenny GM, Ragde H, et al. Measurement of serum prostate-specific membrane antigen, a new prognostic marker for prostate cancer. Urology 51:89-97, 1998.

Wallace TJ, Torre T, Grob M, et al. Current approaches, challenges and future directions for monitoring treatment response in prostate cancer. J Cancer.5:3-24, 2014.

Hussain M, Goldman B, Tangen C, et al. Prostate-specific antigen progression predicts overall survival in patients with metastatic prostate cancer: data from Southwest Oncology Group Trials 9346 (Intergroup Study 0162) and 9916. J Clin Oncol 27:2450-2456, 2009.

Le BV, Griffin CR, Loeb S, et al. [-2]Proenzyme prostate specific antigen is more accurate than total and free prostate specific antigen in differentiating prostate cancer from benign disease in a prospective prostate cancer screening study. J Urol 183:1355-1359, 2010.

Guazzoni G, Lazzeri M, Nava L, et al. Preoperative prostate-specific antigen isoform p2PSA and its derivatives, %p2PSA and prostate health index, predict pathologic outcomes in patients undergoing radical prostatectomy for prostate cancer. Eur Urol 61:455-466, 2012.

Ploussard G, Durand X, Xylinas E, et al. Prostate cancer antigen 3 score accurately predicts tumour volume and might help in selecting prostate cancer patients for active surveillance. Eur Urol 59:422-429, 2011.

Antonarakis ES, Lu C, Wang H, et al. AR-V7 and resistance to enzalutamide and abiraterone in prostate cancer. N Engl J Med 371:1028-1038, 2014.

Crawford ED, Stone NN, Yu EY, et al. Prostate Cancer Radiographic Assessments for Detection of Advanced Recurrence (RADAR) Group. Challenges and recommendations for early identification of metastatic disease in prostate cancer. Urology 83:664-669, 2014.


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.